This reference list provides a foundation for Human‑Centered AI, organized by thematic areas including commercial practices, interaction, responsible and safe AI, standards, policy, professional societies, and academic institutions. It also includes a subsection highlighting Chicago‑ and Illinois‑based academic institutions.
HUMAN CENTERED AI IN INDUSTRY
CGI, “Human-Centered AI.” https://www.cgi.com/us/en-us/artificial-intelligence/human-centered-ai/. Accessed 2026.
Cognizant, “Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence.” https://www.cognizant.com/us/en/glossary/human-centered-ai/. Accessed 2026.
Crescendo, “Human-Centered AI: Meaning and Real-Life Examples.” https://www.crescendo.ai/blog/human-centered-ai/. Accessed 2026.
Deloitte, “Ensuring a Human-Centered Approach to AI.” https://www.deloittedigital.com/uk/en/insights/perspective/human-centered-ai.html. Accessed 2026.
McKinsey & Company, “Human-Centered AI: The Power of Putting People First.” https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/people-and-organizational-performance/our-insights/human-centered-ai-the-power-of-putting-people-first/. Accessed 2026.
Salesforce, “Empower Your Business and Workforce with Human-Centered AI.” https://www.salesforce.com/agentforce/human-centered-ai/. Accessed 2026.
Thomson Reuters, “Human-Centric AI at Thomson Reuters.” https://www.thomsonreuters.com/en/artificial-intelligence/human-centric-ai/. Accessed 2026.
Tredence, “What Businesses Need to Know About Human-Centered AI.” https://www.tredence.com/blog/human-centered-ai/. Accessed 2026.
Toyota Research Institute, “Human-Centered AI.” https://www.tri.global/our-work/human-centered-ai/. Accessed 2026.
HUMAN-AI INTERACTION IN PRACTICE
Apple, “Human Interface Guidelines — Generative AI.” https://developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/generative-ai/. Accessed 2026.
Apple, “Human Interface Guidelines — Machine Learning.” https://developer.apple.com/design/human-interface-guidelines/machine-learning/. Accessed 2026.
Google, “People + AI Research (PAIR).” https://pair.withgoogle.com/. Accessed 2026.
Microsoft, “Guidelines for Human–AI Interaction.” https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/guidelines-for-human-ai-interaction/. Accessed 2026.
OpenAI, “UX Principles.” https://developers.openai.com/apps-sdk/concepts/ux-principles/. Accessed 2026.
RESPONSIBLE AI
Amazon Web Services, “Responsible AI.” https://aws.amazon.com/machine-learning/responsible-ai/. Accessed 2026.
IBM, “Trustworthy AI.” https://www.ibm.com/trust/responsible-ai/. Accessed 2026.
Microsoft, “Responsible AI.” https://www.microsoft.com/ai/responsible-ai/. Accessed 2026.
SAP, “Responsible AI.” https://www.sap.com/products/artificial-intelligence/ai-ethics.html. Accessed 2026.
SAFETY AND GOVERNANCE
Anthropic, “Responsible Scaling Policy.” https://www.anthropic.com/responsible-scaling-policy/. Accessed 2026.
OpenAI, “Safety and Alignment — Overview.” https://openai.com/safety/. Accessed 2026.
CONTENT INTEGRITY
Adobe, “Content Authenticity Initiative.” https://contentauthenticity.org/. Accessed 2026.
RELEVANT STANDARDS
IEEE Standards Association, “IEEE 7000‑2021 — IEEE Standard Model Process for Addressing Ethical Concerns during System Design,” Sep. 2021. https://standards.ieee.org/standard/7000-2021.html. Accessed 2026.
ISO, “ISO 9241‑11:2018 — Ergonomics of Human‑System Interaction — Part 11: Usability: Definitions and Concepts,” 2018. https://www.iso.org/standard/63500.html. Accessed 2026.
ISO, “ISO 9241‑210:2019 — Ergonomics of Human‑System Interaction — Part 210: Human‑Centred Design for Interactive Systems,” 2019. https://www.iso.org/standard/77520.html. Accessed 2026.
ISO/IEC, “ISO/IEC 42001:2023 — Information technology — Artificial intelligence — Management system,” Dec. 2023. https://www.iso.org/standard/81230.html. Accessed 2026.
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), “Accessible Rich Internet Applications (WAI‑ARIA) 1.2,” W3C Recommendation, Oct. 2023. https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-1.2/. Accessed 2026.
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), “WAI‑ARIA Authoring Practices Guide (APG),” Living document. https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/. Accessed 2026.
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), “Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2,” W3C Recommendation, Oct. 2023. https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/. Accessed 2026.
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), “Verifiable Credentials Data Model v1.1,” W3C Recommendation, Mar. 2022. https://www.w3.org/TR/vc-data-model/. Accessed 2026.
PHYSICAL AI
IEEE Standards Association, “IEEE 7010‑2020 — IEEE Recommended Practice for Assessing the Impact of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems on Human Well‑Being,” Dec. 2020. https://standards.ieee.org/standard/7010-2020.html. Accessed 2026.
ISO, “ISO 10218‑2:2025 — Robotics — Safety requirements — Part 2: Industrial robot applications and robot cells,” 2025. https://www.iso.org/standard/73934.html. Accessed 2026.
ISO, “ISO 12100:2010 — Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction,” 2010. https://www.iso.org/standard/51528.html. Accessed 2026.
ISO, “ISO 13482:2014 — Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for personal care robots,” 2014. https://www.iso.org/standard/53820.html. Accessed 2026.
ISO, “ISO/TS 15066:2016 — Robots and robotic devices — Collaborative robots,” 2016. https://www.iso.org/standard/62996.html. Accessed 2026.
UL Standards & Engagement, “UL 4600 — Standard for Safety for the Evaluation of Autonomous Products,” 2020. https://www.shopulstandards.com/ProductDetail.aspx?productId=UL4600. Accessed 2026.
RISK MANAGEMENT
ISO/IEC, “ISO/IEC 23894:2023 — Information technology — Artificial intelligence — Guidance on risk management,” 2023. https://www.iso.org/standard/77304.html. Accessed 2026.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), “Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework (AI RMF 1.0),” Jan. 2023. https://www.nist.gov/itl/ai-risk-management-framework/. Accessed 2026.
POLICY AND ETHICS
European Union, “Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act),” Jun. 2024. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj/. Accessed 2026.
Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development (OECD), “Recommendation of the Council on Artificial Intelligence,” OECD/LEGAL/0449, May 2019. https://legalinstruments.oecd.org/en/instruments/OECD-LEGAL-0449/. Accessed 2026.
UNESCO, “Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence,” Nov. 2021. https://www.unesco.org/en/artificial-intelligence/recommendation-ethics/. Accessed 2026.
PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES
Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES). https://www.hfes.org/. Accessed 2026.
Human-Centered AI Society (HCAIS). https://hcais.org/. Accessed 2026.
IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society (SMC). https://www.ieeesmc.org/. Accessed 2026.
Partnership on AI (PAI). https://partnershiponai.org/. Accessed 2026.
Special Interest Group on Computer–Human Interaction (SIGCHI). https://sigchi.org/. Accessed 2026.
RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND ACADEMIC INITIATIVES
Carnegie Mellon University, “Human–Computer Interaction Institute (HCII).” https://www.hcii.cmu.edu/. Accessed 2026.
Georgia Institute of Technology, “Institute for People and Technology.” https://research.gatech.edu/ipat/. Accessed 2026.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Media Lab, “Advancing Humans with AI (AHA).” https://www.media.mit.edu/groups/aha/overview/. Accessed 2026.
Northeastern University, “Institutes for Experiential AI and Experiential Robotics.” https://www.northeastern.edu/ai/research/. Accessed 2026.
Open Visualization Academy. https://openvisualizationacademy.org/. Accessed 2026.
Stanford University, “Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI).” https://hai.stanford.edu/. Accessed 2026.
University of California, Berkeley, “Responsible AI.” https://re-ai.berkeley.edu/. Accessed 2026.
University of Washington, “Human-Centered Computing.” https://dub.washington.edu/ and https://www.cs.washington.edu/research/human-centered-computing/. Accessed 2026.
CHICAGO AND ILLINOIS SUBSECTION
DePaul University, “RAISE Lab — Responsible AI Systems and Societal Experiences.” https://raise.jaylcunningham.com/. Accessed 2026.
Northwestern University, “Center for Human–Computer Interaction + Design.” https://www.hci.northwestern.edu/. Accessed 2026.
University of Chicago Booth School of Business, “Center for Applied Artificial Intelligence.” https://www.chicagobooth.edu/research/center-for-applied-artificial-intelligence/. Accessed 2026.
University of Chicago, “Chicago Human+AI Lab (CHAI).” https://chicagohai.github.io/. Accessed 2026.
University of Illinois Chicago, “Human-Centered Engineering Lab.” https://sites.google.com/view/human-centered-engineering/. Accessed 2026.
University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign, “Human-Centered Autonomy Lab.” https://thehcalab.web.illinois.edu/. Accessed 2026.
University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign, “Social Sensing and Intelligence Lab.” https://www.wangdong.org/sslab/. Accessed 2026.
SCHOLARLY LITERATURE
Shneiderman, B. (2020). Human‑Centered Artificial Intelligence: Reliable, Safe & Trustworthy. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 36(6), 495–504. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10447318.2020.1741118
Stephanidis, C., et al. (2023). Six Human‑Centered Artificial Intelligence Grand Challenges. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 39(19), 4031–4057. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10447318.2022.2153320
Shneiderman, B. (2020). Human‑Centered Artificial Intelligence. Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction, 13(1–2), 1–131. https://www.nowpublishers.com/article/Details/HCI-074
Amershi, S., et al. (2019). Guidelines for Human‑AI Interaction. Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300233
Hassenzahl, M., et al. (2024). Understanding Human‑Centred AI: A Review of Its Defining Elements and a Research Agenda. Behaviour & Information Technology. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0144929X.2024.2448719
Xu, W., & Zhao, S. (2025). Framing the Human‑Centered Artificial Intelligence Concepts and Methods: A Scoping Review. JMIR Human Factors. https://humanfactors.jmir.org/2025/1/e67350
Lee, J. D., & See, K. A. (2004). Trust in Automation: Designing for Appropriate Reliance. Human Factors, 46(1), 50–80. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1518/hfes.46.1.50_30392
Parasuraman, R., & Riley, V. (1997). Automation Misuse, Disuse, and Abuse. Human Factors, 39(2), 230–253. https://doi.org/10.1518/001872097778543886
Endsley, M. R. (1995). Situation Awareness: Implications for the Design of Human–Machine Systems. Human Factors, 37(1), 32–64. https://doi.org/10.1518/001872095779049543
Xu, W. (2022). Transitioning to Human Interaction with AI Systems: New Challenges and Opportunities for HCI Professionals to Enable Human‑Centered AI. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 38(5), 494–518. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10447318.2022.2041900
Ehsan, U., et al. (2021). Human‑Centered Explainable AI: Towards a Reflective Sociotechnical Approach. Proceedings of the ACM on Human–Computer Interaction, 5(CSCW1), 1–31. https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.01092
Dietvorst, B. J., Simmons, J. P., & Massey, C. (2015). Algorithm Aversion: People Erroneously Avoid Algorithms After Seeing Them Err. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 144(1), 114–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000033
Logg, J. M., Minson, J. A., & Moore, D. A. (2019). Algorithm Appreciation: People Prefer Algorithmic to Human Judgment. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 151, 90–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2018.12.005
Mitchell, M., et al. (2019). Model Cards for Model Reporting. Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 220–229. https://doi.org/10.1145/3287560.3287596
Gebru, T., et al. (2021). Datasheets for Datasets. Communications of the ACM, 64(12), 86–92. https://doi.org/10.1145/3458723
Zhao, S., & Xu, W. (2025). Human‑AI Interaction Design Standards. arXiv preprint. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.16472
SOCIAL MEDIA COPY | LinkedIn
Cognitive dysfunction and system degradation are avoidable with intentional Human‑Centered AI and hybrid approaches.
I’ve assembled a working reference page that connects industry practice, human–AI interaction, governance, standards, and research.
Rather than displacing human judgment and inadvertently degrading business performance over time, collective intelligence becomes a defining success factor for value creation at scale.
A dedicated Chicago section highlights regional institutions advancing this work.
#AI #HumanCenteredAI #HumanScaleAI #ThinkAI #Chicago #ChicagoTech
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